cubemapの描画
Vulkano issue #922 (Usage of CubeMap) を参考にしました。
1) The data for the buffer is the image data of six images appended to each other
in the order of: left, right, bottom, top, back, and front (at least that is the order
I have). The size of the cubemap is the width of one of the square images.
2) Say you load an image into a Vec of u8's, where each value is the color
component r, g, b, or a; or any other variant. Just append the next image's data
onto that Vec.
１ cubemap imageデータの生成
まず、次のようにして各部分の imageデータ（img_posx, img_negx, ...）を
生成します。
let img_posx = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/posx512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let img_negx = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/negx512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
・・・生成される imageデータの型は Vec<u8> になる。
次に、空の Vec<u8> データを準備し、これに posx, negx, posy, negy, posz,
negz の順に各imageデータを追加して、 cubemap 全体の imageデータ
（一つの Vec<u8> データ image_data）にする。
これから cubemap texture を生成する。
let cubemap_images = [img_posx, img_negx, img_posy, img_negy, img_posz, img_negz];
let mut image_data: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
for image in cubemap_images.into_iter() {
let mut image0 = image.clone().into_raw().clone();
image_data.append(&mut image0);
}
２ cubemap texture の生成
cubemap texture の生成には、通常の texture 生成と同じ文を使用する。
ただし、from_iter()メソッドの dimensions 引数は Cubemap を設定する。
また、image_data（型は Vec<u8> ）には、１で生成した cubemap imageデータを
設定する。
let (texture, tex_future) = {
ImmutableImage::from_iter(
image_data.iter().cloned(),
Dimensions::Cubemap { size: 512 },
Format::R8G8B8A8Srgb,
vk.queue.clone()
).unwrap()
};cubemap プログラム
#[macro_use]
extern crate vulkano;
extern crate vulkano_shaders;
extern crate winit;
extern crate vulkano_win;
extern crate arcball;
extern crate cgmath;
extern crate image;
use vulkano_win::VkSurfaceBuild;
use vulkano::buffer::BufferUsage;
use vulkano::buffer::cpu_access::CpuAccessibleBuffer;
use vulkano::command_buffer::{AutoCommandBufferBuilder, DynamicState};
use vulkano::device::{Device, DeviceExtensions};
use vulkano::framebuffer::{Framebuffer, Subpass, FramebufferAbstract, RenderPassAbstract};
use vulkano::format::Format;
use vulkano::instance::{Instance, PhysicalDevice};
use vulkano::image::{SwapchainImage, ImmutableImage, Dimensions};
use vulkano::image::attachment::AttachmentImage;
use vulkano::pipeline::{GraphicsPipeline, GraphicsPipelineAbstract};
use vulkano::pipeline::viewport::Viewport;
use vulkano::swapchain;
use vulkano::swapchain::{Swapchain, SurfaceTransform, PresentMode, AcquireError};
use vulkano::sync;
use vulkano::sync::GpuFuture;
use vulkano::sampler::{Sampler, SamplerAddressMode, Filter, MipmapMode};
use winit::{Window, EventsLoop, WindowBuilder, Event, WindowEvent};
use image::ImageFormat;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::iter;
use std::time::Instant;
use cgmath::{Matrix3, Matrix4, Rad, Point3, Vector3};
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct Vertex { position: [f32; 3] }
impl_vertex!(Vertex, position);
static WINDOW_NAME: &str = "Cubemap";
static WIN_WIDTH: f64 = 600.0;
static WIN_HEIGHT: f64 = 600.0;
struct Vulkan {
images: Vec<std::sync::Arc<vulkano::image::SwapchainImage<winit::Window>>>,
swapchain: Arc<vulkano::swapchain::Swapchain<winit::Window>>,
device: Arc<vulkano::device::Device>,
queue: Arc<vulkano::device::Queue>,
events_loop: winit::EventsLoop,
surface: Arc<vulkano::swapchain::Surface<winit::Window>>,
}
impl Vulkan {
pub fn init_vk() -> Vulkan {
let extensions = vulkano_win::required_extensions();
let instance = Instance::new(None, &extensions, None).unwrap();
let physical = PhysicalDevice::enumerate(&instance).next().unwrap();
println!("Using device: {} (type: {:?})", physical.name(), physical.ty());
// events_loop, surface, window
let events_loop = EventsLoop::new();
let surface = WindowBuilder::new()
.with_dimensions(winit::dpi::LogicalSize {width:WIN_WIDTH, height:WIN_HEIGHT})
.with_title(WINDOW_NAME.to_string())
.build_vk_surface(&events_loop, instance.clone()).unwrap();
// (device, queues), queue_family
let queue_family = physical.queue_families().find(|&q| {
q.supports_graphics() && surface.is_supported(q).unwrap_or(false)
}).unwrap();
let device_ext = DeviceExtensions { khr_swapchain: true, .. DeviceExtensions::none() };
let (device, mut queues) = Device::new(physical, physical.supported_features(),
&device_ext, [(queue_family, 0.5)].iter().cloned()).unwrap();
// we use only one queue, first one
let queue = queues.next().unwrap();
let initial_dimensions = [WIN_WIDTH as u32, WIN_HEIGHT as u32];
let caps = surface.capabilities(physical).unwrap();
let (swapchain, images) = {
let usage = caps.supported_usage_flags;
let alpha = caps.supported_composite_alpha.iter().next().unwrap();
let format = caps.supported_formats[0].0;
//
Swapchain::new(device.clone(), surface.clone(), caps.min_image_count, format,
initial_dimensions, 1, usage, &queue, SurfaceTransform::Identity, alpha,
PresentMode::Fifo, true, None).unwrap()
};
Vulkan {
images,
swapchain,
device,
queue,
surface,
events_loop,
}
}
}
fn main() {
// Vulkan Object initialization
let mut vk = Vulkan::init_vk();
let skybox_vertex_buffer = {
let side2: f32 = 20.0 / 2.0;
CpuAccessibleBuffer::from_iter(vk.device.clone(), BufferUsage::all(), [
// Front
Vertex { position: [-side2, -side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, -side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, side2, side2] },
// Right
Vertex { position: [ side2, -side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, -side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, side2, side2] },
// Back
Vertex { position: [-side2, -side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, -side2, -side2] },
// Left
Vertex { position: [-side2, -side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, -side2, -side2] },
// Bottom
Vertex { position: [-side2, -side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, -side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, -side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, -side2, side2] },
// Top
Vertex { position: [-side2, side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, side2, side2] },
Vertex { position: [ side2, side2, -side2] },
Vertex { position: [-side2, side2, -side2] }
].iter().cloned()).expect("failed to create buffer")
};
let skybox_index_buffer = vulkano::buffer::cpu_access::CpuAccessibleBuffer
::from_iter(vk.device.clone(), vulkano::buffer::BufferUsage::all(), [
// Front
0u16, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0,
// Right
4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 4,
// Back
8, 9, 10, 10, 11, 8,
// Left
12, 13, 14, 14, 15, 12,
// Bottom
16, 17, 18, 18, 19, 16,
// Top
20, 21, 22, 22, 23, 20,
].iter().cloned()).expect("failed to create buffer");
// uniform buffer
let uniform_buffer = vulkano::buffer::cpu_pool::CpuBufferPool::<vs::ty::Data>
::new(vk.device.clone(), vulkano::buffer::BufferUsage::all());
let vs = vs::Shader::load(vk.device.clone()).expect("failed to create shader module");
let fs = fs::Shader::load(vk.device.clone()).expect("failed to create shader module");
// render pass
let render_pass = Arc::new(single_pass_renderpass!(vk.device.clone(),
attachments: {
color: {
load: Clear,
store: Store,
format: vk.swapchain.format(),
samples: 1,
},
depth: {
load: Clear,
store: DontCare,
format: vulkano::format::Format::D16Unorm,
samples: 1,
} // depth
},
pass: {
color: [color],
depth_stencil: {depth} // depth
}
).unwrap());
let window = vk.surface.window();
let mut dimensions = if let Some(dimensions) = window.get_inner_size() {
let dimensions: (u32, u32) = dimensions.to_physical(window.get_hidpi_factor()).into();
[dimensions.0, dimensions.1]
} else {
return;
};
let img_posx = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/posx512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let img_negx = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/negx512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let img_posy = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/posy512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let img_negy = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/negy512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let img_posz = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/posz512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let img_negz = image::load_from_memory_with_format(include_bytes!("images/negz512.jpg"),
ImageFormat::JPEG).unwrap().to_rgba();
let cubemap_images = [img_posx, img_negx, img_posy, img_negy, img_posz, img_negz];
let mut image_data: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
for image in cubemap_images.into_iter() {
let mut image0 = image.clone().into_raw().clone();
image_data.append(&mut image0);
}
let (texture, tex_future) = {
ImmutableImage::from_iter(
image_data.iter().cloned(),
Dimensions::Cubemap { size: 512 },
Format::R8G8B8A8Srgb,
vk.queue.clone()
).unwrap()
};
let sampler = Sampler::new(vk.device.clone(), Filter::Linear, Filter::Linear,
MipmapMode::Nearest, SamplerAddressMode::Repeat, SamplerAddressMode::Repeat,
SamplerAddressMode::Repeat, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0).unwrap();
// pipeline and framebuffer
let (mut pipeline, mut framebuffers) =
window_size_dependent_setup(vk.device.clone(), &vs, &fs, &vk.images, render_pass.clone());
let mut recreate_swapchain = false;
let mut previous_frame = Box::new(tex_future) as Box<GpuFuture>;
let rotation_start = Instant::now();
loop {
previous_frame.cleanup_finished();
if recreate_swapchain {
dimensions = if let Some(dimensions) = window.get_inner_size() {
let dimensions: (u32, u32) =
dimensions.to_physical(window.get_hidpi_factor()).into();
[dimensions.0, dimensions.1]
} else {
return;
};
let (new_swapchain, new_images) = vk.swapchain.recreate_with_dimension(dimensions)
.expect("swapcahain not recreate");
vk.swapchain = new_swapchain;
let (new_pipeline, new_framebuffers) = window_size_dependent_setup(vk.device.clone(), &vs, &fs,
&new_images, render_pass.clone());
pipeline = new_pipeline;
framebuffers = new_framebuffers;
recreate_swapchain = false;
}
let uniform_buffer_subbuffer = {
let elapsed = rotation_start.elapsed();
let rotation = elapsed.as_secs() as f64 + elapsed.subsec_nanos() as f64 / 1_000_000_000.0;
let rotation = Matrix3::from_angle_y(Rad(0.6 * rotation as f32));
let world = Matrix4::from(rotation);
let view = Matrix4::look_at(Point3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0), Point3::new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), Vector3::new(0.0, -1.0, 0.0));
let scale = Matrix4::from_scale(1.0);
let aspect_ratio = dimensions[0] as f32 / dimensions[1] as f32;
let proj = cgmath::perspective(Rad(std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2), aspect_ratio, 0.01, 100.0);
let uniform_data = vs::ty::Data {
world: world.into(),
view : (view * scale).into(),
proj : proj.into(),
};
uniform_buffer.next(uniform_data).unwrap()
};
let set0 = Arc::new(vulkano::descriptor::descriptor_set::PersistentDescriptorSet::start(pipeline.clone(), 0)
.add_buffer(uniform_buffer_subbuffer).unwrap()
.build().unwrap()
);
let set1 = Arc::new(vulkano::descriptor::descriptor_set::PersistentDescriptorSet::start(pipeline.clone(), 1)
.add_sampled_image(texture.clone(), sampler.clone()).unwrap()
.build().unwrap()
);
let (image_num, acquire_future) =
match swapchain::acquire_next_image(vk.swapchain.clone(), None) {
Ok(r) => r,
Err(AcquireError::OutOfDate) => {
recreate_swapchain = true;
continue;
},
Err(err) => panic!("{:?}", err)
};
let command_buffer =
AutoCommandBufferBuilder::primary_one_time_submit(vk.device.clone(), vk.queue.family()).unwrap() // Ok
.begin_render_pass(framebuffers[image_num].clone(), false,
vec![[0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 1.0].into(), 1f32.into()]).unwrap()
.draw_indexed(pipeline.clone(),
&DynamicState::none(),
vec!(skybox_vertex_buffer.clone()), skybox_index_buffer.clone(),
(set0.clone(), set1.clone()), ()).unwrap()
.end_render_pass().unwrap()
.build().unwrap();
let _future = previous_frame.join(acquire_future)
.then_execute(vk.queue.clone(), command_buffer).unwrap()
.then_swapchain_present(vk.queue.clone(), vk.swapchain.clone(), image_num)
.then_signal_fence_and_flush();
previous_frame = Box::new(sync::now(vk.device.clone())) as Box<_>;
let mut done = false;
vk.events_loop.poll_events(|ev| {
match ev {
Event::WindowEvent { event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested, .. } => done = true,
Event::WindowEvent { event: WindowEvent::Resized(_), .. } => recreate_swapchain = true,
_ => ()
}
});
if done { return; }
}
}
fn window_size_dependent_setup(
device: Arc<Device>,
vs: &vs::Shader,
fs: &fs::Shader,
images: &[Arc<SwapchainImage<Window>>],
render_pass: Arc<RenderPassAbstract + Send + Sync>,
) -> (Arc<GraphicsPipelineAbstract + Send + Sync>, Vec<Arc<FramebufferAbstract + Send + Sync>> ) {
let dimensions = images[0].dimensions();
let depth_buffer = AttachmentImage::transient(device.clone(), dimensions, Format::D16Unorm).unwrap();
let framebuffers = images.iter().map(|image| {
Arc::new(
Framebuffer::start(render_pass.clone())
.add(image.clone()).unwrap()
.add(depth_buffer.clone()).unwrap()
.build().unwrap()
) as Arc<FramebufferAbstract + Send + Sync>
}).collect::<Vec<_>>();
let pipeline = Arc::new(GraphicsPipeline::start()
.vertex_input_single_buffer::<Vertex>()
.vertex_shader(vs.main_entry_point(), ())
.triangle_list()
.viewports_dynamic_scissors_irrelevant(1)
.viewports(iter::once(Viewport {
origin: [0.0, 0.0],
dimensions: [dimensions[0] as f32, dimensions[1] as f32],
depth_range: 0.0 .. 1.0,
}))
.fragment_shader(fs.main_entry_point(), ())
.depth_stencil_simple_depth()
.render_pass(Subpass::from(render_pass.clone(), 0).unwrap())
.build(device.clone())
.unwrap());
(pipeline, framebuffers)
}
mod vs {
vulkano_shaders::shader!{
ty: "vertex",
src: "
#version 450
layout(location = 0) in vec3 position;
layout (location = 0) out vec3 ReflectDir;
layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform Data {
mat4 world;
mat4 view;
mat4 proj;
} ubo;
void main()
{
ReflectDir = position;
gl_Position = ubo.proj * ubo.view * ubo.world * vec4(position, 1.0);
}"
}
}
mod fs {
vulkano_shaders::shader!{
ty: "fragment",
src: "
#version 450
layout(location = 0) in vec3 ReflectDir;
layout(location = 0) out vec4 f_color;
layout(set = 1, binding = 0) uniform samplerCube cubetex;
void main()
{
f_color = texture(cubetex, ReflectDir);
}"
}
}2019-2-7 update
